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You are what you eat. And in sports like football this is particularly true. Consuming the right or wrong foods and drinks can be the difference between winning and losing a match. Food poisoning is an ever-present risk that can have massive effects on performance.

The size of Brazil means teams will be traveling extensively between games and crossing climates in the process.

Drinking an extra 15 to 20 ml for every hour of flight is recommended; fruit juices and water are preferable to the dehydrating cola, tea and coffee, which could just make the problem worse. The weight difference is the amount of fluid you've lost and for every kilo lost you should drink an extra liter of water.

About three hours before kick-off the players should be eating a meal high in carbohydrates. This is the energy source that keeps athletes going for the full 90 minutes — or longer if the match goes into extra time. Ideally it should consist of low-glycemic index foods such as porridge, pasta and rice. They are broken down more slowly and release sugar more gradually into the blood stream.

That isn't to say that high-glycemic foods have no place in sports nutrition. The runners' favorite: Jelly babies, for example, are broken down and absorbed quickly into the blood stream. This gives a vital boost of energy during games and consuming high-glycemic carbohydrates is vitally important for sports that last more than an hour.

Sports drinks have the same effect, with the benefit of replacing the fluid and salts lost from sweat. With temperatures predicted to be higher than 30 degrees Celsius for many matches, rehydrating will be a vital part of the team schedule.

The players won't be able to indulge, as alcohol will dehydrate them and not supply the vital nutrients they need. After the match they have a window of about an hour where they need to replenish their carbohydrate and calorie levels so they have the energy for the next match, stock up on their protein levels to help their muscles recover.

One of the best ways to do this is chocolate milk, as it has all the nutrients you need at the right levels for optimal nutritional recovery.