醫(yī)生警告：把噴嚏憋回去 可能引發(fā)身體損傷

這不是在開玩笑：醫(yī)生建議，為了身體健康著想，不要把噴嚏憋回去，尤其是不要通過(guò)捂鼻子和嘴巴的方式來(lái)憋住噴嚏，否則可能引發(fā)多種并發(fā)癥甚至致命的腦動(dòng)脈瘤破裂，嚴(yán)重者還可能導(dǎo)致咽部撕裂、鼓膜穿孔、眼睛血管破裂、面部神經(jīng)受損、肌肉拉傷和肋骨斷裂。

When sitting in a quiet theatre or a packed train, stifling a sneeze by holding the nose and closing the mouth may seem like the courteous option.
當(dāng)你坐在安靜的劇院或擁擠的列車上時(shí)，用捂鼻子或緊閉嘴巴的方法把噴嚏憋回去似乎是個(gè)有禮貌的選擇。

But doctors have warned against the polite practice, after a man ruptured the back of his throat while trying to contain the convulsive explosion of air.
但是醫(yī)生警告大家不要采取這種禮貌做法，因?yàn)橛幸幻凶诱且驗(yàn)樵噲D把噴嚏憋回去而撕裂了喉嚨內(nèi)側(cè)。

The 34-year-old was admitted to hospital barely able to swallow or speak after pinching his nose and clamping shut his mouth to stop a sneeze.
這名34歲的男子用捏鼻子和緊閉嘴巴的方式止住噴嚏后，在就醫(yī)時(shí)幾乎無(wú)法吞咽或說(shuō)話。

When doctors examined him they also heard strange popping and crackling sounds, which extended from his neck all the way down to his ribcage.
醫(yī)生對(duì)他進(jìn)行檢查時(shí)，還能聽到奇怪的砰砰聲和噼啪聲，這種怪聲從他的脖子一直延伸到他的胸腔。

A scan confirmed that that air from his lungs had bubbled its way into the deep tissue and muscles of the chest when it could not escape.
經(jīng)過(guò)掃描確認(rèn)，該男子肺部的空氣因?yàn)闊o(wú)處發(fā)泄從而跑進(jìn)了胸部的深層組織和肌肉里。

Ear, nose and throat specialists at the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust released details of the man’s condition in BMJ Case Reports and warned that trying to contain a forceful sneeze could lead to ‘numerous complications’ and even a lethal brain aneurysm.
萊斯特大學(xué)信托保健附屬醫(yī)院的耳鼻喉專家在英國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)期刊病例報(bào)告中發(fā)布了該男子的病情細(xì)節(jié)，并警告說(shuō)，試圖把強(qiáng)烈的噴嚏憋回去可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致“多種并發(fā)癥”甚至致命的腦動(dòng)脈瘤。

“Halting sneezing via blocking the nostrils and mouth is a dangerous manoeuvre, and should be avoided,” said lead author Dr Wanding Yang.
該報(bào)告的首席作者楊萬(wàn)鼎（音）醫(yī)生說(shuō)：“通過(guò)捂鼻子嘴巴的方式止住噴嚏是一種危險(xiǎn)的方式，應(yīng)該避免這么做。”

"It may lead to numerous complications, such as pseudomediastinum (air trapped in the chest between both lungs), perforation of the tympanic membrane (perforated eardrum), and even rupture of a cerebral aneurysm (ballooning blood vessel in the brain).”
“這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致多種并發(fā)癥，比如假性縱膈（空氣滯留在兩肺間的胸腔中）、鼓膜穿孔，甚至腦動(dòng)脈瘤（腫脹的腦血管）破裂。”

Doctors said the man’s condition was similar to Boerhaave’s syndrome in which the esophagus is torn as a result of intense retching or vomiting. But in his case the build up of pressure from the trapped sneeze caused a rupture higher up in the throat, at the pharynx, which is situated just behind the tongue.
醫(yī)生說(shuō)，該男子的癥狀與布爾哈夫氏綜合征類似，該病的病因是食管因?yàn)閺?qiáng)烈的干嘔或嘔吐而破裂。但在這名男子的病例中，無(wú)處可去的噴嚏積攢的壓力導(dǎo)致喉嚨更高處的咽部發(fā)生了破裂。咽部的位置就在舌頭后面。

Sneezes are powerful, travelling up to 200 mph, according to MIT scientists, with the power to eject debris up to 25 feet.
麻省理工學(xué)院的科學(xué)家指出，噴嚏的力量是強(qiáng)大的，時(shí)速可達(dá)200英里（約合322公里），可以將碎片射出25英尺（7.6米）遠(yuǎn)。

Previously people have been admitted to hospital suffering from burst eardrums, ruptured blood vessels in the eyes, damaged facial nerves, pulled muscles and even cracked ribs from trying to contain the huge force.
先前曾出現(xiàn)過(guò)因試圖把噴嚏憋回去而導(dǎo)致鼓膜破裂、眼睛血管破裂、面部神經(jīng)受損、肌肉拉傷甚至肋骨斷裂的病例。

Doctors say a sneeze, or sternutation, is intended to release foreign, and potentially damaging, particles, irritants or germs. Stopping it not only risks rupturing the throat, but could encourage the build of bacteria or trigger an asthma attack.
醫(yī)生說(shuō)，打噴嚏的目的是釋放外來(lái)的具有潛在危害性的顆粒物、刺激物或細(xì)菌。止住噴嚏不但有撕裂喉嚨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，還可能助長(zhǎng)細(xì)菌滋生或引發(fā)哮喘。

The patient was admitted to hospital where he was fed by a tube and given intravenous antibiotics until the swelling and pain had subsided.
這位病人在入院后，用管子進(jìn)食并被靜脈注射抗生素，直到腫脹和疼痛消退。

After seven days the man, who has not been identified, was well enough to be discharged with the advice not to block both nostrils when sneezing in future.
在七天后，這名男子終于康復(fù)出院，得到的建議是今后打噴嚏時(shí)不要捂住兩個(gè)鼻孔。

And for people still needing to suppress a sneeze, experts advise rubbing the nose, breathing heavily through the nose, or rubbing the area above the lip.
對(duì)于那些需要憋住噴嚏的人，專家的建議是摩擦鼻子，通過(guò)鼻子使勁呼氣，或摩擦嘴唇上方區(qū)域。

英文來(lái)源：每日電訊報(bào)
翻譯&編輯：丹妮