發改委主任：中國不會出現第二次下崗潮

China will not have another layoff wave as it reduces overcapacity in such sectors as steel and coal mining, Xu Shaoshi, minister of the National Development and Reform Commission, said on Sunday.
3月6日，發改委主任徐紹史稱，化解鋼鐵、煤炭業的過剩產能不會造成第二次下崗潮。

The Chinese economy has become more resilient and is able to create more jobs to absorb laid-off workers, Xu said at a news conference on the sidelines of two sessions, the annual meetings of legislators and policy advisers.
在兩會新聞發布會上，徐紹史稱，中國經濟有更大韌性，能夠創造更多崗位吸收下崗工人。

"We will strengthen our efforts to reduce overcapacity," he said, citing Hebei and Heilongjiang provinces as areas that "have maintained social stability while pushing corporate restructuring".
徐紹史說：“我們將加大力度化解過剩產能。”他還援引了河北省和黑龍江省的例子，稱這兩省“在推動企業重組的同時仍然保持了社會的穩定”。

The steel sector will reduce capacity by 100 to 150 million metric tons in five years, and the coal mining sector will cut capacity by 500 million tons, with another 500 million tons to be restructured in three to five years, he said.
徐紹史稱，中國鋼鐵業產能將在5年之內減少1至1.5億噸，煤炭業產能將在3到5年內減少5億噸、再重組5億噸。

Researchers estimate that about 3 million workers could be laid off in the coming two to three years if current capacity is reduced by 30 percent in targeted sectors such as steel, coal mining and cement.
研究學者估計，在未來兩到三年內，如果鋼鐵、煤炭和水泥業等定向產業的產能在現有基礎上減少30%，那么將會有300萬工人下崗。

Xu said there will not be a second round of massive layoffs this time.
徐紹史表示，化解過剩產能不會引起第二次下崗潮。

China's State-owned enterprise restructuring in the 1990s put tens of millions out of work.
20世紀90年代實行的國有企業重組曾導致數千萬人下崗失業。

Given the country's massive economic scale, it has become more capable of creating jobs, which will help absorb unemployed workers, he said. The improved economic structure will also help absorb redundant workers, he said, with tertiary industries having a larger share of the economy. Tertiary industries－the segment of the economy that provides services to consumers, such as financial institutions, schools and restaurants－generally accommodate more jobs.
徐紹史稱，中國如今的經濟規模巨大，能夠創造更多的工作崗位，吸收失業人員。經濟結構的優化加大了第三產業占國民經濟的份額，也將有利于吸收下崗人員。第三產業，如金融機構、學校和餐飲業，致力于為消費者提供服務，通常能提供更多的工作崗位。

Moreover, as new enterprises crop up thanks to China's favorable policies encouraging business startups, there will be more new jobs, and easier cross-regional labor flows and the use of online job fairs will help laid-off workers find work, he said.
此外，由于中國為鼓勵創業出臺了優惠政策，大量新興企業如雨后春筍般涌現，也將提供更多工作崗位，促進跨地區的勞動力流動。網絡在線招聘會也將幫助下崗人員找到工作。

The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said 100 billion yuan ($15.3 billion) will be allocated to cushion the effect of job losses on families and society.
人力資源和社會保障部稱，國家將撥出1000億元（153億美元）用于緩解失業對家庭和社會造成的沖擊。

Xu said China's reduction of overcapacity will help countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative. Some of them are industrializing and urbanizing, and they need to build more infrastructure and upgrade industrial structures. That's where Chinese enterprises can help, he said.
徐紹史表示，中國化解過剩產將促使更多國家參與“一帶一路”計劃。其中一部分國家正在實行工業化和城市化，需要進一步加強基礎設施建設和產業結構升級。中國企業正好可以助其一臂之力。

英文來源：中國日報
譯者：牛歡
審校&編輯：丹妮