閑話“中山裝”

中山裝這兩天很紅，因為習近平主席和夫人參加荷蘭國宴時穿的是改良版的中山裝。因為名字里有“中山”二字，很多人大概都能猜到這款服裝與孫中山先生有關，不過這服裝背后蘊含的深層意義，你可知道？

Sun Yat-sen introduced Zhongshan suit shortly after the founding of the Republic of China as a form of national dress although with a distinctly political and later governmental implication.

中華民國成立后不久，孫中山將中山裝引入中國作為國民服飾的代表，不過中山裝后來被賦予了鮮明的政治和統治理念。

The Zhongshan suit was an attempt to cater to contemporary sensibilities without adopting Western styles wholesale. The tunic can be traced back to British army uniforms from World War I and U.S. Army uniforms during the Spanish-American Philippine War.

中山裝意在不全盤照搬西方服裝風格的前提下迎合當代的理念。這種服裝制式可以追溯到一戰時期的英國軍隊制服以及美西及菲律賓戰爭時期的美國軍服。

After Sun Yat-sen's death in 1925, the Zhongshan suit was assigned a revolutionary and patriotic significance. The four pockets were said to represent the Four Virtues cited in the classic Guanzi: Propriety, Justice, Honesty, and Shame. The five center-front buttons were said to represent the five Yuans (branches of government)–legislation, supervision, examination, administration and jurisdiction–cited in the constitution of the Republic of China and the three cuff-buttons to symbolize Sun Yat-sen's Three Principles of the People: Nationalism, Democracy, and People's Livelihood. Finally, unlike Western-style suits that are usually composed of two layers of cloth, the jacket is in a single piece–symbolizing China's unity and peace.

1925年孫中山逝世后，中山裝被賦予了一層革命和愛國的理念。四個兜代表《管子》中的“四維”：禮、義、廉、恥；正中間的五顆紐扣代表中華民國根據《憲法》設立的五個院：立法、監察、考試、行政以及司法；袖口的三顆紐扣代表孫中山的“三民主義”：民族、民權、民生。最后，西式服裝通常都由兩層布料做成，而中山裝只用一塊布料制成，代表中國的團結與和平。

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（中國日報網英語點津 Helen）