“卡拉OK”其實(shí)是日本詞

英語中有很多詞都是外來詞，而且相當(dāng)一部分來自于同一語系的法語和德語。不過，今天我們列舉的這幾個(gè)詞，他們的來源卻相當(dāng)特別哦！

Karaoke 卡拉OK

Language of Origin: Japanese

來源語：日語

About the Word:

It comes from the Japanese kara ("empty") + ōke, short for ōkesutora ("orchestra").

該詞來源語日語的kara（空的）和ōke（“樂團(tuán)”的縮寫），即“空蕩蕩的樂團(tuán)”。

Karaoke became popular in Japan among businessmen in the late 1970s, and gained widespread popularity in the U.S. in the late 1980s.

上世紀(jì)70年代后期，卡拉OK開始在日本商務(wù)人士當(dāng)中流行起來，上世紀(jì)80年代后期盛行于美國。

Kowtow 屈從、獻(xiàn)媚

Language of Origin: Chinese

來源語：漢語

About the Word:

It comes from the Chinese kòutóu – kòu ("to knock") plus tóu ("head") – and originally referred to kneeling and touching one's head to the ground as a salute or act of worship to a revered authority.

該詞來源語漢語里的“叩頭”一詞，即以雙膝跪地、頭觸地的形式對權(quán)重人士表示尊敬。

The noun arrived in English in the early 1800s, and within a few decades had taken on the "fawn" or "suck up" verb meaning we use today.

該詞在19世紀(jì)早期被吸納進(jìn)英語詞匯，后來幾十年間，該詞在英語中的意思逐漸固定為“巴結(jié)、獻(xiàn)媚”。

Ketchup 番茄醬

Language of Origin: Malay

來源語：馬來語

About the Word:

This all-American condiment started out as a spicy, fermented fish sauce in Malaysia.

如今已成為美國標(biāo)志性佐料的番茄醬最開始在馬來西亞起源時(shí)其實(shí)是一種帶辣味的發(fā)酵魚露。

That version, known as kěchap, made its way first to Europe and then to the New World, where tomatoes eventually became the defining ingredient.

那種魚露的名字叫kěchap，最先傳到歐洲，然后才到達(dá)美洲新大陸，在那里，kěchap的主料逐漸變成了番茄。

Elsewhere, ketchup retains an earlier identity. Traditional English ketchup, for example, is a pureed seasoning based on mushrooms, unripe walnuts, or oysters.

在其他國家，番茄醬仍然保留原來的配料。例如，傳統(tǒng)的英式番茄醬是由蘑菇、尚未成熟的核桃或牡蠣制成的醬料。

Hazard 危險(xiǎn)

Language of Origin: Arabic

來源語：阿拉伯語

About the Word:

Hazard dates to the time of the Crusaders and involves a game of chance.

Hazard一詞的來源要追溯到十字軍東征時(shí)期，與投機(jī)游戲有關(guān)。

According to the most likely theory, the original hazard ("al-zahr," in Arabic) was a die. Players would roll the dice and bet on the outcome.

可能性最高的一種說法是，hazard最開始其實(shí)就是個(gè)骰子。玩家通過擲骰子、猜點(diǎn)數(shù)來賭輸贏。

English got the word from French. In English, hazard eventually came to name any chance, risk, or source of danger.

英語中的hazard一詞來源于法語，指機(jī)遇、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)或危險(xiǎn)的源頭。

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（英文及圖片來源：Merriam-Webster Online，編輯：Helen）

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