Alibaba's first earnings to test mettle, investor enthusiasm

Alibaba Group Holding Ltd's first full quarterly report card to Wall Street investors on Tuesday will be scrutinized by the hopeful seeking validation for lofty stock price targets and studied by the few skeptics searching for inauspicious signs.

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Coming off Alibaba's record-breaking $25 billion IPO in September, the company's shares have remained 45 percent above their debut price. Just about every brokerage has rated the e-commerce giant a buy, taking comfort in the group's dominant position in a $450 billion Chinese market.

Investors have been all too eager to overlook a structure that critics say allows its management extraordinary decision-making power, potentially to the detriment of shareholders. They have also mostly withheld judgment on how advertising spending and sales commission fees, where Alibaba makes the lion's share of its money, are being affected in a slowing Chinese economy.

Instead, their focus is on Alibaba's profit margins, among the fattest in the global e-commerce industry and far outstripping those of loss-making Amazon. Reflecting the positive sentiment, the firm's forward price-to-earnings ratio is pegged at more than 45.

"The stock is now trading at a pretty high multiple, and in order to justify that, they need to show really strong results out of the gate," said Wedbush Securities' Gil Luria.

While major shareholder Yahoo Inc has included basic figures such as Alibaba's revenue and earnings per share every quarter, Tuesday marks the Chinese company's first full-fledged results release.

Net profit is expected at $1.17 billion in the quarter ended September, according to a Thomson Reuters SmartEstimate poll of 21 analysts. Fully reported earnings per share are forecast to be at 36 cents, based on a poll of 25 analysts.

Wall Street will keep its eye peeled for any sign that runaway growth is waning.

While Alibaba can depend on its still-growing home market for years to come, expanding internationally will be difficult given its marginal presence in foreign markets, which now yield just about 9 percent of overall sales, analysts say.

At home, JD.com Inc is chipping away at its market share, using an Amazon-like model where it builds its own warehouses and handles logistics. Alibaba's marketplace model, relinquishing control over logistics, may hurt it in the long run by putting product quality at risk.

"JD.com's efforts to compete with Alibaba through a vertically integrated approach remind us a bit of the eBay-Amazon battle," RBC's Mark Mahaney wrote in an Oct 29 note.

There are "disadvantages in terms of limited control over customer service and fulfilment, logistics, and delivery", he said.

Expanding the empire

Alibaba, which operates China's largest Internet shopping destination Taobao and retail site Tmall.com, is nearly unknown to most Americans but is ubiquitous in China.

The Chinese e-commerce company, founded by former schoolteacher Jack Ma in his apartment in 1999, has designs of expanding beyond its commerce roots.

The company has spent significant sums acquiring firms and startups in some of the fastest-growing mobile markets, delving into services such as messaging and digital content. It has even made select acquisitions in the United States, amid persistent speculation that Alibaba is preparing some sort of move against Amazon.

It is also making moves to more closely resemble its US peer, including establishing a cloud service that provides storage and computing (Aliyun), and a budding online video service.

Alibaba's dominance of Chinese commerce has piqued interest in America. Apple Inc CEO Tim Cook has said he would be happy to work with Ma. The Alibaba executive chairman called on Hollywood studios all of last week, after headlining a major technology conference in Laguna Beach.

Ultimately, what investors want to see is topline growth. Alibaba is expected to post revenue of about $2.7 billion in the September quarter, up about 52 percent from a previously reported $1.78 billion a year earlier. It is expected to have profit margins of more than 40 percent during the period.

"There's going to be scrutiny of every number," Wedbush Securities' Luria said.