Gate to Shanhaiguan Pass.

Known as the First Pass under Heaven, Shanhaiguan Pass 15 km east of urban Qinhuangdao is famed for its strategic importance in ancient times.

Built in 583, the pass was improved by various rulers until it was transformed into a formidable military stronghold during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).

As the strategic passage between north and northeast China, Shanhaiguan was seen as key to defense against nomadic northern tribes. It was the site of many historic battles and left heroic legends that linger today.

Beyond Shanhaiguan Pass, the Great Wall stretches eastward until it dips into the sea at a place called Laolongtou - Old Dragon's Head.

If the Great Wall is likened to a huge dragon meandering through the mountains, Laolongtou is its head facing the sea.

The military outpost was seriously damaged by shelling when an allied force from eight countries landed and invaded China in 1900.

The local government began restoring the ancient defensive complex in 1985. The National Tourism Administration rated it as a 4-A scenic spot in 2001.

Qinhuangdao was among the first 14 of Chinese coastal cities to open up following reforms.