China's child mortality down by two-thirds since 1990

Launched in the year 2000, this year's report focuses on mothers in humanitarian crises, who face many obstacles to keeping their children healthy.

"China is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world," said MacRae. "The eastern coastline is frequently battered by strong typhoons, while the central areas are prone to earthquakes. The country also suffers seasonal flooding and landslides."

In the aftermath of such disasters, she added, young children are particularly vulnerable to waterborne illnesses such as diarrhea due to the lack of clean drinking sources.

Therefore, the children's aid agency recommends breastfeeding to prevent diseases and boost nutrition and the immune systems of young children.

"Breastfeeding is the world's most powerful defense when it comes to saving children's lives," MacRae said. "Not only does it provide infants with a complete form of nutrition, it also builds children's immune system and protects them against diarrhea, malnutrition and other illnesses which are common in the aftermath of disasters."