因“假小子”形象受歡迎 英國女生比男生更想變性

據英國國民保健系統（NHS）的最新統計數據顯示，尋求NHS性別認同發展服務的女生人數首次超過男生的兩倍。2016年，有1400名女性尋求性別認同治療，相比之下男性有616名。專家表示，假小子的流行致使希望變性的女生人數急劇增加。有人認為女性更容易發生跨性別認同，是因為假小子是一種正面形象。

Characters such as Katniss Everdeen in the Hunger Games have helped tomboys to become popular

The popularity of tomboys has sparked a sharp rise in the number of girls wanting to swap gender, according to a leading NHS psychologist.
英國國民保健系統（NHS）一位著名心理學家表示，假小子的流行致使希望變性的女生人數急劇增加。

New statistics show that for the first time, more than double the number of girls compared to boys seek the NHS's gender identity development service.
新的統計數據顯示，尋求NHS性別認同發展服務的女孩人數首次超過男孩的兩倍。

In popular culture, lead characters such as Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games, Tris Prior in the Divergent series, or Eleven in Stranger Things, have sparked a revival of strong tomboyoish, females.
《饑餓游戲》中的凱特尼斯?伊夫狄恩、《分歧者》系列中的特里斯?普賴爾、《怪奇物語》中的11等流行文化中的主角讓強勢的假小子風在女性中再次流行。

In the past year there have been 1,400 'assigned at birth' females who have sought treatment, compared with 616 males.
2016年，有1400名“天生的”女性尋求性別認同治療，相比之下男性有616名。

"It's a very interesting question, and an important question, because it was the other way around initially," said Dr Polly Carmichael, who is the head of the gender identity development service.
NHS性別認同發展中心的負責人波利?卡邁克爾博士稱：“這是一個非常有趣且重要的問題，因為這和最初的情況正好相反。”

"There have been different ideas put forward. Some people have talked about how it is easier for girls to cross-gender identify because it's a positive image to be a tomboy.
“已經有人提出不同的觀點。有人認為女性更容易發生跨性別認同，因為假小子是一種正面形象。”

The service - which is the NHS's only gender identity service and is based at the Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust in north London - was commissioned in 2009.
NHS性別認同發展中心成立于2009年，位于倫敦北部的塔維斯托克和波特曼NHS信托基金會，是NHS唯一一個性別認同服務機構。

In its first year, it recorded carrying out appointments for 56 males compared with 40 girls.
該機構成立的第一年，接診的男生為56人，而女生為40人。

Since then, the numbers have grown astronomically, and the gender gap has both flipped around and widened.
此后，接診人數迅速增加，性別差距發生了反轉，且差距被拉大。

There were 88 males compared with 118 females in 2011/12, 121 compared with 188 in 2012/13, 188 to 278 in 2013/14, 270 to 427 in 2014/15, and 490 to 929 in 2015/16.
2011至2012年期間，該機構接診男性88人，女性118人；2012至2013年，接診男性121人，女性188人；2013至2014年，接診男性188人，女性278人；2014至2015，接診男性270人，女性427人；2015至2016，接診男性490人，女性929人。

Popular arguments that suggest it is unappealing to be female include a perception of being tied to domestic labour, body image pressures and a gender pay gap.
常見的觀點認為，人們討厭做女性的原因包括被家務勞動束縛的感覺、身體形象壓力以及性別導致的工資差距。

The latest figures also show the number of referrals to the Tavistock Centre has generally risen by more than 50 percent each year, although the most recent data indicates only a 42 percent increase.
最新數據還顯示，每年轉診到塔維斯托克中心的患者人數普遍增幅超過50%，不過最近的數據顯示的增幅僅為42%。

The data also revealed meanwhile that 32 children aged five or below - or at least just their parents - visited the clinic in 2016/17, compared with 20 in 2015/16, and just six in 2009/10.
數據還顯示，2016至2017年來就診（或其父母前來咨詢）的5歲以下兒童有32人，而2015至2016年有20人，2009至2010年僅有6人。

Only about 40 percent go through with identifying as a different gender, and the clinic will only consider referring children for hormone blockers once they reach stage two of puberty.
僅有約40%的就診者存在性別認同差異，而塔維斯托克中心只會在患者進入第二次性發育時才會考慮對其進行荷爾蒙阻斷治療。

The clinic only expects families to visit if the children are showing genuine distress, and does not expect the particularly young kids to join their parents at appointment.
塔維斯托克中心希望人們在孩子表現的真的很痛苦時再來就診，而且當孩子年幼時，希望家長單獨來咨詢。

"There has been a huge increase in interest over the last couple of years," added Dr Carmichael.
卡邁克爾稱：“過去幾年間，人們對這一問題的關注迅速增加。”

"I think if parents have a concern it's entirely appropriate to seek expert advice. We don't say 'they need a transition', but it's an opportunity for them to discuss what they have heard and to develop a dialogue and relationship.
“我認為，如果父母有這方面的擔心的話，完全可以尋求專家的意見。我們不認為‘他們需要變性’，但這給他們機會把所聽到的說出來，和他們展開對話，建立關系。”

"If families don't seek support then it might be that only later, at puberty, they're very distressed so it's not unhelpful to make contact earlier."
“如果家長們不尋求幫助，那么之后到了青春期，孩子們可能會非常痛苦。所以較早接觸這個問題不是沒有好處的。”

英文來源：每日電訊報
翻譯&編輯：董靜
審校：丹妮