研究：會(huì)說雙語有助中風(fēng)康復(fù)

Stroke patients are more likely to regain their cognitive functions if they speak more than one language, new research has discovered.
最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果中風(fēng)患者會(huì)說不只一種語言，那么他們更有可能恢復(fù)認(rèn)知能力。

A study of more than 600 stroke victims found 40.5% of those who are multilingual had normal mental functions afterwards, compared to 19.6% of patients who only speak one language.
這項(xiàng)針對600多名中風(fēng)患者的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，會(huì)說多種語言的人中，有40.5%的人病后恢復(fù)了到了正常心智，而只會(huì)說一種語言的病人中，19.6%的人恢復(fù)了正常心智。

The study was carried out by a team from the University of Edinburgh together with the Nizam Institute of Medical Sciences in Hyderabad - with the Indian city chosen as the location for the study because its multi-cultural nature means many languages are commonly spoken.
發(fā)布該研究的團(tuán)隊(duì)來自愛丁堡大學(xué)和印度海得拉巴市的尼扎姆醫(yī)學(xué)研究所。之所以選擇印度城市海得拉巴作為研究對象，是因?yàn)槎嘣奈幕沟枚嗾Z人士在當(dāng)?shù)睾艹Ｒ姟?/p>

Researchers took into account other factors such as smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes and age to ensure results could not be attributed to having a healthier lifestyle.
研究人員將其他因素也列入考慮范圍，比如吸煙、高血壓、糖尿病和年齡等，以確保該研究結(jié)果與更健康的生活方式無關(guān)。

The study, published in the American Heart Association journal Stroke, found 'results support the notion of a protective role of bilingualism in the development of post-stroke cognitive impairment'.
研究發(fā)表在美國心臟協(xié)會(huì)的《中風(fēng)》雜志上，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：“該結(jié)果肯定了這一概念——雙語對中風(fēng)后認(rèn)知障礙的發(fā)展具有保護(hù)作用。”

It is the first time a study has been done looking at the relationship between the number of languages spoken and a patient's cognitive outcome after stroke.
這是首次有研究關(guān)注“會(huì)說幾種語言”與“中風(fēng)后患者的認(rèn)知程度”之間的關(guān)系。

'The percentage of patients with intact cognitive functions post-stroke was more than twice as high in bilinguals than in monolinguals,' the paper said.
該論文稱，“中風(fēng)后認(rèn)知功能未受損的雙語患者的百分比數(shù)量是單語患者的兩倍多。”

'In contrast, patients with cognitive impairment were more common in monolinguals.'
“相反，認(rèn)知功能障礙在單語患者中更常見。”

Researchers believe the study, which was funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research, suggests the mental challenge of speaking multiple languages can boost cognitive reserve - an improved ability of the brain to cope with damaging influences such as stroke or dementia.
這項(xiàng)調(diào)查由印度醫(yī)學(xué)研究委員會(huì)提供資金支持。研究人員認(rèn)為，該研究說明多語能力對神經(jīng)構(gòu)成一種挑戰(zhàn)，該挑戰(zhàn)提高了認(rèn)知儲備——進(jìn)而改進(jìn)了大腦功能，能應(yīng)對像中風(fēng)或癡呆這種疾病的破壞性影響。

Co-author Thomas Bak, of the University of Edinburgh's school of philosophy, psychology and language sciences said: 'Bilingualism makes people switch from one language to another, so while they inhibit one language, they have to activate another to communicate.
共同作者之一、愛丁堡大學(xué)哲學(xué)、心理學(xué)和語言科學(xué)學(xué)院的托馬斯·鮑克說：“雙語讓人們從一種語言轉(zhuǎn)換到另一種語言，所以當(dāng)一種語言被抑制時(shí)，他們不得不用另一種語言去交流。”

'This switching offers practically constant brain training which may be a factor in helping stroke patients recover.'
“這種轉(zhuǎn)換提供了幾乎連續(xù)不斷的大腦訓(xùn)練，這可能是幫助中風(fēng)患者恢復(fù)的一個(gè)因素。”

Vocabulary
cognitive function：認(rèn)知功能
stroke：中風(fēng)
diabetes：糖尿病

英文來源：每日郵報(bào)
譯者：張卉
審校&編輯：杜娟