The government is planning to extend its pilot four-year community correction
program to ease pressure on its overcrowded prisons, sources said.
At
the end of last year, some 1.5 million prisoners were serving time in about 600
correctional facilities, according to a source; and another told China Daily
that many of the country's prisons are at maximum capacity.
Judicial
experts believe the community correction program, which began as an experiment
four years ago, is a feasible means of reducing prison congestion, and a
remarkable step in judicial reform.
As of March 2007, 102,932 criminals
had taken part in the out-of-jail program in 507 counties and districts in 24
provinces.
One-third, or 37,779 prisoners, had finished their terms,
with the remaining 65,153 still serving out their community-based penalty
period.
"Besides alleviating pressure on prisons, community correction
is a lenient penalty and a common practice in developed countries," Wu Zongxian,
professor at the criminal law research institute affiliated with Beijing Normal University, told
China Daily.
Only those considered "low risk" can serve community
correction. They include prisoners who are under probation or supervised release.
They can
lead a normal life and be gainfully employed except for regularly reporting to
various authorities.
Rong Rong, director of the Beijing Chaoyang
District Justice Bureau, a pioneer in the field, said community correction was a
more humane alternative to hard time behind bars.
As one of the first to
take part in the community correction program in 2003, Chaoyang District has
witnessed "optimistic results" with less than 1 per cent of those in the program
relapsing into crime.
Although the capacity of China's prisons is not
known, an earlier report said the number of prisoners was 240,000 more than the
facilities could hold in 2000.
The average cost of accommodating a
prisoner is equivalent to that of a college student, about 8,000 yuan ($1,053)
per year, and alternative methods are needed to rehabilitate inmates, experts
said.
Prison congestion first appeared in South China in the 1980s, Wu
said, adding that in recent years, the problem has spread to most parts of
China, except the western provinces.
According to Wu, room for eating
and sleeping is shrinking quickly. Rooms designed for re-education and
extracurricular activities have had to be converted into extra lock-up space.
While community correctional programs can help solve the problem, Rong
admitted there is room for the system to improve.
"We need a law to
guide and standardize our work," he said.
Program advocates argue that a
specific legal framework is needed for the scheme.
(China Daily
07/20/2007 page 1)
Vocabulary:
affiliate with：使隸屬
probation：緩刑
（英語點津 Linda 編輯）
About the broadcaster:
Bernice Chan is a foreign expert at China Daily Website. Originally from
Vancouver, Canada, Bernice has written for newspapers and magazines in Hong Kong
and most recently worked as a broadcaster for the Canadian Broadcasting
Corporation, producing current affairs shows and
documentaries.
