The German SS and Wehrmacht has ended all resistance in the ghetto 1943: Germans crush Jewish uprising England have All resistance in the Jewish ghetto in Warsaw has ended after 28 days of fighting. In his operational report, the local SS commander, Brigadier Juergen Stroop, said the uprising began on 19 April when SS, police and Wehrmacht units using tanks and other armoured vehicles entered the ghetto to take Jews to the railway station for transportation to concentration camps. They were repelled by Jews using homemade explosives, rifles, small arms and "in one case a light machine-gun". He said his troops were involved in pitched battles day and night with groups of about 20 or 30 Jews - both men and women. "On April 23 Himmler issued his order to complete the combing out of the Warsaw ghetto with the greatest severity and relentless tenacity. I therefore decided to destroy the entire Jewish residential area by setting every block on fire." The last battle ended with the destruction of the Great Synagogue today. They used to board up the windows [of the trams] so you couldn't see how the Jews were being treated. People's War memories. Jewish leaders had sent their own reports of the situation during the fighting. On 28 April the Central Committee of Jewish Labour and the Jewish National Committee in Poland sent a desperate message to the National Council of Poland in London. It said the SS and German Army have laid siege to the ghetto, attacking the 40,000 remaining Jews with artillery, flame-throwers, high explosive and incendiary bombs. They have also planted mines in buildings known to harbouring Jewish fighters, while German guards block large drain pipes that have served as escape routes. "The ghetto is burning," read the message, "and smoke covers the whole city of Warsaw. "Men, women and children who are not burnt alive are murdered en masse." It said the Jews managed to kill or wound about 1,000 of the enemy and burned down factories and warehouses. There was an appeal for an immediate response from the Allies. "It is imperative that the powerful retaliation of the United Nations shall fall upon the bloodthirsty enemy immediately and not in some distant future, in a way which will make it quite clear what the retaliation is for." A second message sent on 11 May said the resistance was nearly over.

John Gummer tried to feed his daughter a beefburger to try to convince the public 1990: Gummer enlists daughter in BSE fight Artificially 1969: The The government has again attempted to reassure the public that British beef is safe, despite growing fears over the cattle disease, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE). The Minister of Agriculture, John Gummer, even invited newspapers and camera crews to photograph him trying to feed a beefburger to his four-year-old daughter, Cordelia, at an event in his Suffolk constituency. Although his daughter refused the burger, he took a large bite himself, saying it was "absolutely delicious". "Beef can be eaten safely by everyone, both adults and children, including patients in hospital." Chief Medical Officer Sir Donald Acheson said. His reassurances were echoed by the government's Chief Medical Officer, Sir Donald Acheson, in a formal statement to underline his previous assertions that beef is safe to eat. He said that after taking advice from leading scientific and medical experts, he had no hesitation in saying that "beef can be eaten safely by everyone, both adults and children, including patients in hospital". The number of cases of BSE in cattle has shot up since the first case in 1986, and now stands at about 14,000, despite a government policy to slaughter all infected animals and prevent them getting into the food chain. Fears have been mounting that the disease can jump species to cause the fatal human brain condition, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD). The rising concern has led to 20 education authorities taking the decision to boycott beef products, taking beef off the menu in hundreds of schools across the country. The Commons Agriculture Select Committee is to carry out an urgent inquiry into the possible threat to humans from BSE. It will report by the end of July, and Mr Gummer is to give evidence at its first session. The Committee's chairman, Conservative MP Jerry Wiggin, is a former junior agriculture minister. He said he considered there was no threat to humans from "properly cooked beef", and criticised local education authorities who had taken it out of school canteens. The Labour Party's spokesman on agriculture, David Clark, however, said the government's handling of the BSE crisis had been a fiasco and showed it was incapable of handling sensitive food issues.

Vocabulary:

pitched battle:激戰 incendiary bomb: 燃燒彈 fiasco: a complete failure（大失敗）