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I'm Gwen Outen with the VOA Special English
Development Report.
People have always had to find ways to keep food safe to eat. Methods
to dry, smoke and salt food were invented thousands of years ago. The
process of canning is much
more recent. This storage method keeps food safe to eat for long periods
of time. Today, canning is one of the most popular methods of storing
food.
Canning uses heat to kill bacteria and other micro-organisms that cause
poisons to form in food. Canning also takes away the air that these
organisms need to live. One popular method of canning uses a water bath.
Clean fruits or vegetables are placed in glass bottles. The food can be
put into the bottles either hot or cold. The cold method is used for soft
fruits and vegetables that could lose their shape or taste. Firmer fruits
and most vegetables are usually cooked. They take up less space in the
bottles.
After the food has been placed in glass bottles, boiling water is
poured into the bottles to about three centimeters below the top. Then
covers are placed on the bottles, but they are not turned all the way. The
bottles are placed in a large container filled with warm water that is
then brought to a boil.
The water must completely cover the bottles, from three to five
centimeters over the top. When the water boils, any air in the bottles
will be expelled. The boiling continues for several minutes. Then the
bottles are allowed to cool. Finally, they are placed briefly into cold
water. This makes a strong barrier to keep the air out. In other words, a
vacuum is created.
When the bottles are completely cool, notes can be placed on them to
identify what is inside. The bottles can then be stored in a cool, dark
place at a temperature of between 4 and 21 degrees Celsius.
Canning allows your family to enjoy foods that might not come fresh
throughout the year. It is also a good way to store food for six months to
a year, or even several years, in case of an emergency. It does not cost
much to continue canning every year once the equipment has been purchased.
You can get more information about canning food from the group,
Volunteers in Technical Assistance. VITA is on the Internet at vita.org.
This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Gary
Garriott. I'm Gwen Outen. | 
