The establishment of the joint venture will help transform Hisun into a branded generics company from an active pharmaceutical ingredients manufacturer. Pfizer should also be able to strengthen its presence in China, said Xu Lingni, an analyst at domestic brokerage China Investment Consulting Co.

Founded in 1956, Hisun is traditionally an active pharmaceutical ingredients producer and launched its overseas registration in 1989. Now, 80 percent of its API products are exported to more than 30 nations and regions.

"However, the added value of API is very low and decreasing. Hisun needs to upgrade its business. Entry into branded generics is a practical and profitable way," said Xu.

"The negotiations (between Hisun and Pfizer) took more than a year. It's really tough with rounds and rounds of bargains and discussions. We got stuck on the controlling stake," said a senior executive of Hisun, speaking anonymously.

Unlike large State-owned Hisun, private company Simcere seems more flexible. It was determined to seize the chance to cooperate with foreign giants. In September, the Jiangsu-based biopharmaceutical company set up a joint venture with the world's second-largest drugmaker, MSD.

In the joint venture, concentrating on therapies for cardiovascular diseases, Simcere holds a 49 percent stake. It contributed two medicines specifically tailored to Chinese patients, while MSD provided four of its off-patent innovative drugs.

The new joint venture is focusing on the Chinese market currently without ruling out expansion in overseas markets in the future, said Ren Jinsheng, founder, chairman and chief executive officer of Simcere.

Analyst Xu believes global expansion will be realized in the near future. "MSD needs economic manufacturing and a reliable producer of its off-patents medicines so Simcere is a good choice," she added.

Simcere is one of the Chinese biopharmaceutical companies with strong research and development capabilities. Prior to joining hands with MSD, it had collaborated with US-based Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. The latest venture involves the co-development of a preclinical small molecule inhibitor, which is currently inactive in Bristol-Myers Squibb's pipeline. This research, if it succeeds, will help prevent cardiovascular disease.

Under the agreement, Simcere will receive exclusive rights to develop and commercialize products in China, while Bristol-Myers Squibb will retain exclusive rights in all other markets. However, Simcere will receive a percentage of profits from the commercialized products sold in overseas markets.

Before that, the two sides had an agreement on the co-development of an oncology compound that proved to be a success, according to Francis Cuss, senior vice-president of Bristol-Myers Squibb Research.

For domestic biological company Sino Biological Inc, the situation is unique. The Beijing-based company has its self-developed proteomics products, which are technologically advanced but lack brand recognition globally.

To build brand and enter the international market, it reached an overseas distribution and R&D agreement with Life Technologies Corp, a US-based global biotechnology major. All the products - more than 6,000 human derived proteins and antibodies made by the Chinese side - sold abroad will be under the joint brands of Sino Biological and Life Technologies. The two companies will also jointly develop new products, leveraging R&D synergies to introduce innovative products more quickly.

"Our China-made edge products are to be