Chinese companies endeavor to build up global brands

If someone asked you "What country manufactures most of the products you use?" you would probably respond, without hesitation, "China".

What if the question instead was "Name a global Chinese brand?"

Go ahead, think about it. Don't feel bad if you can't come up with more than one. People would be impressed if you could identify even two.

We are all aware that these days, anything from apparel to advanced technology, medical equipment to household supplies, can be found with "made in China" on the packaging.

Despite its increasing prominence on the global stage and indisputable economic dominance, China still lags behind in building successful global brand names.

Brands based in China failed to appear on Interbrand's list of the 100 Best Global Brands of 2012. Even tiny Finland, with a population of just more than 5 million, managed to grace the list with Nokia Corp at number 19.

More astonishing, a survey conducted by HD Trading Services Inc, a marketing and brand development company, revealed that out of 1,500 Americans surveyed, 94 percent couldn't name a single Chinese brand.

"There are many hurdles to the development of global brands by Chinese companies," said Jan-Benedict Steenkamp, a professor of marketing at the University of North Carolina's Kenan-Flager Business School.

"National image is a major issue for Chinese corporations, since in the minds of Westerners, Chinese products are associated with being unreliable," Steenkamp said.

"Another hurdle is production focus. Companies from China are thinking about the market in terms of scale and mass production. To create a strong brand, the value is more important."

Being a vast country with a population of more than 1.35 billion is both a blessing and a curse for China. "This massive domestic market was enough to feed industries in the past, so companies did not feel compelled to expand into the international market," said Yubo Chen, a professor at Tsinghua University.

This situation may soon change, however, as the cost of labor in China continues to rise. China's working age population (aged 15 to 59) fell by nearly 3.5 million in 2012, significantly diminishing the supply of cheap labor.

A study by the consulting firm AlixPartners estimates that the cost of outsourcing manufacturing to China will be equal to the cost of manufacturing in the US by 2015.

"China will not be able to appeal to the price-sensitive in the future since wages for laborers are increasing and manufacturing is becoming more expensive," Steenkemp said. "The lowest-price tactic to becoming a recognized brand is a dead-end street."

How can China break through these barriers and create a successful brand in the global market?

Perhaps the key step is to place greater emphasis on the quality of merchandise rather than the price.

"China thinks about the mass markets; it does not produce for a target segment, so there is nothing special about the product," said David Reibstein, chairman of the American Marketing Association.